Operational and Service Objectives
Where reforms are introduced to achieve operational or service-related objectives, it usually implies that the bus services are being provided either by a large number of private sector operators, with little or no coordination, or by a state owned operator that is collapsing or has collapsed.

The objective may be to ensure reliable services throughout the day over an expanded and defined set of routes at published fares. Alternatively it may be to put a stop to dangerous behaviour by drivers competing for passengers.

Whatever the objectives, it is important that they be considered carefully. Reform measures must also be designed to ensure that the problems are addressed and the objectives are achieved.

Reform and private sector profits
Where new buses are needed either for expansion or to upgrade the fleet and where these are to be supplied by the private sector, it’s important that the reform measures address the private sector’s need to make a reasonable return on their investment. The reform measures should allow prudent investors to generate sufficient revenues to cover their operating costs and provide a reasonable profit.

If there is a need to bring large numbers of independent private operators under control, reform measures should take into account whether or not (and how) existing operators should be involved. What type of reformed bus system would provide the desired services, while at the same time achieving social objectives, should also be considered.

Consider the range of reform options
Depending on your existing situation and future objectives, the range of reform options should be examined and the most appropriate approach adopted. The interactive tool can help you to select the most appropriate bus system option.

For more information see: financial objectives and social objectives.