The city problems
This table collates the information on the basis of the different categories of problem identified, and brings together the different ways in which the problem has been addressed in different countries
| Case |
Problem issue |
Ref |
Problem source |
Actions taken |
Reforms proposed |
Accra |
Safety |
|
Competitive structure, driver inexperience, bus owner structure. No proper regulation |
Safety Council established |
Shift to tendered franchises |
Long access walk |
|
Fill and run dispatching by association |
|
Shift to tendered franchises |
Short routes |
|
Effect of controlled flat fares |
|
Shift to tendered franchises |
Low running speed |
|
Road congestion, accentuated by small PT vehicles |
|
Development of BRT system |
Poor vehicle quality |
|
Low profitability under controlled fares |
Creation of state owned fleet MMT |
Development of BRT system |
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The reforms proposed
This table categorizes the information in terms of the types of reform proposed, setting out the actions already taken and the degree of success achieved.
Reforms proposed |
Problem issue addressed |
Ref |
Actions taken |
Success achieved |
Busway systems |
Congestion |
|
To go with reform of regulation |
Not yet operational |
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The influence of industrial structure
This table examines the relationship between the industrial structure in the different cities and the types of problems arising.
Industrial structure |
Case |
Problem issue |
Problem source |
Reforms proposed |
Small scale formal private operators |
Accra |
Poor service quality Short routes |
|
|
